Hypoxemia
This complication generally occurs to patients who adopt Acetate Dialysis. And the reasons Immunotherapy from acetate metabolism within the body and the decrease of CO2 and HCO3 content in blood. In addition, the bad biocompatibility of dialysis membrane will lead to white cells concentration in pulmonary capillary vessels, which results in hypoxemia. This complication usually has no obvious clinical symptom and patients with cardiac disease history or the elderly are more vulnerable to this complication when receiving dialysis.
Hypotension
Hypotension is usually caused by the decline of effective blood volume, relatively fast filtration speed, pathological changes of automatic nerves, and decline of vasoconstriction and high level of atrial natriuretic factor. And the main symptoms include dizziness, choking sensation in chest, perspiration, amaurosis, nausea and vomiting, muscular spasm or even the loss of consciousness. Referring to treatments of this complication, immediate replenishing blood volume together with slowing down blood stream speed or even suspending dialysis temporally are highly recommended.
Cardiac tamponade
Cardiac tamponade can occur during or after the dialysis. And it is usually hemorrhagic cardiac tamponade. The causation can be the application of heparin to patients who have already suffer from pericarditis.
Hemolysis
Hemolysis can be caused by abnormality of dialysate like dialysate low permeability, high temperature or higher content of nitrate or chloramines. Symptoms include palpitation, shortness of breath, fantod, and the occurrence of sharp waist pain or abdomen spasm could be possible. Dialysate low permeability can also result in water intoxication or cerebral edema. the aggravation of anemia is the most common result of Hemolysis.
Imbalance syndrome
This complication occurs to patients with high level of blood urea nitrogen and creatinine. After receiving dialysis, the maldistribution of substances mainly made up of urea in blood and cerebral tissue, together with the imbalance of PH levels can easily lead to cerebral anoxia or cerebral edema. And symptoms include headache after dialysis, fatigue, increase of blood pressure, sleep-disorder and so on.
